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English Grammar and Composition
A Grammar Parts of Speech Nouns Pronouns Adjectives Adverbs Prepositions Conjunctions and Interjections Modals The Tense Present Simple Past Simple Future Simple Present Continuous Present continuous indicating a future action Present Perfect Tense Past Continuous Tense Forms of Verbs 'Be' Verbs Regular and Irregular Verbs More about Adjectives Introducing Adjectives Comparison of Adjectives More about Adverbs Introducing Adverbs Types of Adverbs More about Prepositions Introducing the Preposition Use of Prepositions Linking Words Introducing Articles Indefinite Articles Definite Articles Possessives Introducing Possessives Formation of Possessives The Sentence Different kinds of Sentences Affirmative and Negative statements Interrogative sentences Imperative Sentences Exclamatory sentences Optative sentences Introductory 'There' Introductory 'There' There isn't/ There aren't Infinitives, Gerunds and Participles Infinitives Gerunds Participles Capitalization and Punctuation Direct Speech and Indirect Speech Statements Questions Imperatives Optatives Exclamatory sentences Voice Statements Interrogative Sentences Passive in different tenses Imperative Sentences Uses of passive voice B Composition Writing Paragraphs A Bus Stand My Favourite Bird Preparing A Cup of Tea How to make A Garden Perseverance Traffic Jam Global Warming My Birthday Party My Favourite Book Country Life and City Life Letter Writing Formal letters Sample Question & Guidelines

Modals (Unit Two)

সপ্তম শ্রেণি (মাধ্যমিক) - English Grammar and Composition A Grammar | - | NCTB BOOK
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A. Look at the underlined words in the following sentences. Guess what these words are called.

  1. Desk officer : How can I help you, sir?
    Client : I want to open a savings account with your bank.
  2. Father : Will you go to your tutor today?
    Son : Yes, I will. Shall I take your umbrella?
    Father : Oh sure. Take it. The sky looks cloudy; it might rain.
  3. Nabila : It's already late evening. You should not go out now.
    Bipul : Don't worry, I will come back very soon.
  4. Liftman : Sir, which number shall I press for you?
    Gentleman : 7, if you would please!
  5. Student: May I come in, sir?
    Teacher : You should come early; now please get in.
  6. Brother : Could I use your pen?
    Sister : Yes, you can.

Note: These words are called modals. Modals are a special kind of auxiliary verbs which have different functions. Look at the sentences below with various meanings of 'can' and also the table showing different modals with different functions.

a. Can I give you a cup of tea? (offer)
b. You can come to our party. (invitation)
C. Excuse me, can you please show me the way to the photocopy shop? (request)

ModalsFunctions
can, could, may, mightpossibility
must, ought, should, willprobability and certainty
can, could maypermission
can, could, will, wouldinstruction and request
could, may, might, shallsuggestions
can, could, shall, will, wouldoffers, invitation, politeness
mustobligation

B. Now read the sentences in section A above and tell your partner the functions of different modals.

ModalsFunctions
  1. can
    could
  1. shall
    should
  1. will
    would
  1. may
    might

C. Use a modal in the gaps of the following sentences:

  1. Teacher:Don't be disappointed about your poor marks. I _____ talk with you about your problems on Thursday after the classes.
    Student: Thank you, sir.
  2. Shanta: One of our friends got the first prize in the book reading competition. Guess who it is.
    Maniza: It ____ be Shubhro. Am I right?
  3. Rafat: Look, who is walking there, Sadia?
    Arian: Yes, it looks like Sadia but it ____ be Nadia as well.
  4. If you had more money, you _______ buy this dress.
  5. Excuse me, ______ you tell me which way I ______ go to the library?
  6. Waiter: Madam, what _____ you like for drinks?
    Customer: Coke please.
  7. There _______ be a huge queue for concert tickets. You _____ be there much early.
  8. Sir, _______ you please clarify the last point you have just mentioned?
  9. People are crazy about fast food these days. You ______ avoid it as much as possible.
  10. You have got the maximum number of prizes in the sports. You ______ be excited now.

D. Write five sentences using 'can' or 'can't' along with words from the box. One is done for you:

I can play chess but my sister can't.

play chess, run a marathon, ride a bicycle, swim in a river, use a laptop, cook meals

E. How many things could you do when you were much younger? One is done for you:

I could climb a tree when I was 10 years old.

Write five sentences like this:

F. Make five request sentences from this table using 'could I', 'may I' and 'could you':

Could I

May I

Could you let

me

have

another cup of tea

a look at your book

something to eat

one of chocolates those

a bit of advice

a little more time

Please?
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Parts of Speech The Tense Forms of Verbs More about Adjectives More about Adverbs
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